Calcifediol-loaded liposomes for local treatment of pulmonary bacterial infections
European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, online 22 Nov 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.11.026
Arianna Castoldi a, Christian Herr b, Julia Niederstraßer b, Hagar Ibrahim Labouta a, c, d, Ana Melero a, e, Sarah Gordon a, Nicole Schneider-Dauma , Robert Bals b, Claus-Michael Lehr a, f, Claus-Michael.Lehr@helmholtz-hzi.de
a Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Institute for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
b Department of Internal Medicine V – Pulmonology, Allergology, Critical Care Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
c Department of Chemistry & “Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Research Lab” (CMBRL), University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
d University of Alexandria, Department of Pharmaceutics, Alexandria, Egypt
e Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
f Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany,
This study put vitamin D3 into liposomes so that the oily D3 could be made into an aersol
This study looked at human lung cells extracted and put into a dish
They sprayed the D3 into liposome aerosol onto the lung cells in a dish
Note: No liver nor kidney in the dish
Many body tissues can similarly activate Vitamin D – the skin is a good example
Wonder why they did not use a water-soluble form, which would eliminate the need for liposomes
See also VitaminDWiki
The influence of vitamin D3 and its metabolites calcifediol (25(OH)D) and calcitriol on immune regulation and inflammation is well described, and raises the question of potential benefit against bacterial infections. In the current study, 25(OH)D was encapsulated in liposomes to enable aerosolisation, and tested for the ability to prevent pulmonary infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Prepared 25(OH)D-loaded liposomes were nanosized and monodisperse, with a negative surface charge and a 25(OH)D entrapment efficiency of approximately 23%. Jet nebulisation of liposomes was seen to yield an aerosol suitable for tracheo-bronchial deposition. Interestingly, 25(OH)D in either liposomes or ethanolic solution had no effect on the release of the proinflammatory cytokine KC from Pseudomonas-infected murine epithelial cells (LA-4); treatment of infected, human bronchial 16-HBE cells with 25(OH)D liposomes however resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial survival. Together with the importance of selecting an application-appropriate in vitro model, the current study illustrates the feasibility and practicality of employing liposomes as a means to achieve 25(OH)D lung deposition. 25(OH)D-loaded liposomes further demonstrated promising effects regarding prevention of Pseudomonas infection in human bronchial epithelial cells.
Conclusion contains the following phrase
“ . . this concept should soon be further evaluated in clinical studies.”