Miscarriage 10 percent more likely for each 10 ng less vitamin D at preconception – May 2018

Association of preconception serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with livebirth and pregnancy loss: a prospective cohort study

The Lancet – Diabetes and Endocrinology OI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30153-0

VitaminDWiki

For women who had previously experienced a miscarriage – a good level of vitamin D is important

> 30 ng of vitamin D before conception
10% more likely to conceive
15% more likely to have live birth
Reduced chance of a miscarriage per 10 ng vitamin D
12% (example: 24% less likely to miscarry if 40 ng vs 20 ng)

See also VitaminDWiki

Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary
Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
Click on hyperlinks for details

Problem	Vit. D Reduces	Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving	3.4 times	Observe
1. Miscarriage	2.5 times	Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia	3.6 times	RCT
3. Gestational Diabetes	3 times	RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality	3.5 times	Observe
5. Premature birth	2 times	RCT
6. C-section - unplanned	1.6 times	Observe
Stillbirth - OMEGA-3	4 times	RCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy	1.4 times	RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age	1.6 times	meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size within normal limits		RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing	1.3 times	RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic	4 times	Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis	1.9 times	Observe
13. Preeclampsia in young adult	3.5 times	RCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 3	1.4 times	Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy	5 times	RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits	2.5 times	RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
Pregnancy category starts with

923 items in Pregnancy category

- see also

Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:Dark Skin 30; Depression 21; Diabetes 44; Obesity 17; Hypertension 44; Breathing 36; Omega-3 44; Vitamin D Receptor 24 Click here for details
All items in category Infant/Child 854 items
Pregnancy needs at least 40 ng of vitamin D, achieved by at least 4,000 IU – Hollis Aug 2017
38+ papers with Breastfed etc, in the title
Call to action – more Vitamin D for pregnancies, loading doses are OK – Holick Aug 2019
53+ preeclampsia studies
94+ studies with PRETERM in the title
Fertility problem (PCOS) reduced by vitamin D, etc: many studies 15+
94+ Gestational Diabetes
Caesarean birth much more likely if low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
Post-partum depression and low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
Stillbirth reduced by Vitamin D, Zinc, Omega-3 - several studies 5+ studies
Search VitaminDWiki for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Aug 2022
Fertility and Sperm category listing has 142 items along with related searches
(Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
Less labor pain if higher level of vitamin D – August 2021
Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception

Sunni L Mumford, PhD mumfords@mail.nih.gov, Rebecca A Garbose, MD, Keewan Kim, PhD, Kerri Kissell, MD, Daniel L Kuhr, MD, Ukpebo R Omosigho, MD, Neil J Perkins, PhD, Noya Galai, PhD, Robert M Silver, MD, Lindsey A Sjaarda, PhD, Torie C Plowden, MD, Enrique F Schisterman, PhD

PDF is available free at Sci-Hub 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30153-0

Background
Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, although the association between preconception vitamin D concentrations and livebirth is unknown. We aimed to assess the association between preconception vitamin D and pregnancy outcomes among women with proven fecundity.

Methods
We did a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort from the block-randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled EAGeR trial. Women aged 18–40 years with one to two previous pregnancy losses were recruited from June 15, 2007, to July 15, 2011, at four clinical sites in the USA and followed up for up to six menstrual cycles while attempting pregnancy and throughout pregnancy if they conceived. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured at baseline (preconception) and 8 weeks of gestation. Outcomes of interest included clinical pregnancy, time to pregnancy, pregnancy loss, and livebirths. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs for livebirths, pregnancy, and pregnancy loss were estimated with weighted log-binomial regression. To assess time to pregnancy, we used discrete time Cox proportional hazards models to calculate fecundability odds ratios (FORs) with 95% CIs. EAGeR is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00467363.

Findings
1191 women had available data on preconception 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. 555 (47%) women were classified as having sufficient concentrations (≥75 nmol/L) and 636 (53%) as having insufficient concentrations (<75 nmol/L).
Women with sufficient preconception 25-hydroxyvitamin D were more likely to

achieve clinical pregnancy (adjusted RR 1·10 [1·01–1·20]) and
livebirth (1·15 [95% CI 1·02–1·29])

than were women with insufficient concentrations.
Among women who achieved pregnancy, sufficient preconception 25-hydroxyvitamin D, but not that at 8 weeks of gestation, was associated with reduced risk of pregnancy loss (preconception RR per 25 nmol/L 0·88 [95% CI 0·77–0·99]; 8 weeks of gestation 0·98 [0·95–1·01]). No association was observed with fecundability in women with sufficient versus those with insufficient preconception 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (adjusted FOR 1·13 [95% CI 0·95–1·34]).

Interpretation
Sufficient preconception 25-hydroxyvitamin D (≥75 nmol/L) was associated with increased likelihood of pregnancy and livebirth. Increased vitamin D concentrations before conception, but not in early pregnancy, were associated with reduced pregnancy loss.