Vitamin D during lactation – range from 4,000 IU daily to 150,000 IU monthly – Sept 2018

Maternal Supplementation of Vitamin D During Lactation to Support Infant Vitamin D Needs: A Systematic Review

Open Journal of Pediatrics, 8, 255-272, September 2018, DOI: 10.4236/ojped.2018.83027
Kelly Schossow1, Alena M. Clark2, Mary A. Harris3*
1Jefferson County Public Health, Lakewood, CO, USA.
2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA.
3 Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

VitaminDWiki

This study looked at 7 Randomized Controlled Trials to determin how much the mother should take to get a good level of vitamin D for both the mother and exclusively breastfed infant.

There have been hundreds of other studies looking at dosing size and interval

Pregnancy category starts with

918 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also

Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary

Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
   Click on hyperlinks for details

Problem
Vit. D
Reduces		Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving3.4 times Observe
1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 timesRCT
3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe
5. Premature birth 2 times RCT
6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 timesObserve
     Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 timesRCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size
     within normal limits		 RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 timesObserve
13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 timesRCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 31.4 times Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial

 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

Human milk is generally considered to be insufficient in vitamin D. However, research completed in the 1980s showed that the vitamin D content of human milk is directly related to maternal serum vitamin D levels and therefore may potentially be adequate if the mother’s vitamin D levels are sufficient. Approximately one-third of the adult population, which includes breastfeeding women, in the United States have vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Among infants, 90.4% of breastfed infants are vitamin D deficient compared to 15.4% of formula fed infants. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has therefore recommended all breastfed infants be directly supplemented with 400 IU per day of vitamin D to decrease the risk of vitamin D insufficiency and rickets. According to the AAP, compliance rates with this recommendation ranges between 2% - 36%. Because the recommendation to supplement may undermine breastfeeding, many pediatricians do not inform their patients of the need to supplement. Additionally, some parents are concerned about directly supplementing their infant as risks may include allergic reactions to the ingredients, aspiration pneumonia, accidental overdose, and changes in intestinal flora and pH which may compromise the immune benefits of human milk. A literature review was conducted to examine the effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin D during lactation on human milk vitamin D content and maternal and infant serum vitamin D levels. Although there is no current consensus regarding dosage and timing of maternal vitamin D supplementation, the literature suggests that high-dose vitamin D supplementation of the lactating mother is as effective at maintaining infant vitamin D levels as direct infant supplementation, while also correcting the mother’s vitamin D deficiency.

6061 visitors, last modified 25 Sep, 2018,
Printer Friendly Follow this page for updates