Hypothesis: antibiotic resistant bacteria can be controlled with vitamin D

If more vitamin D (and perhaps Vitamin K2) then

1. Use less antibiotics for food animals
2. Use less antibiotics in hospitals

Food Animals

• Many of food animals (chicken, pigs, etc.) are now being raised indoors, away from sun.
• The farmers have learned to provide enough vitamin D in their feed to prevent rickets.
• The decreased vitamin D decreases the animal immune systems.
• The animals are raised in crowded conditions

Hospitals

• Vitamin D's potential to reduce the risk of hospital-acquired infections – May 2012
• Staph infection reduced 50 percent when have more than 30 ng of vitamin D – Aug 2011
• MRSA inpatient cost 2X higher if less than 20 ng vitamin D – June 2011
  MRSA = Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

See also VitaminDWiki

• A review of the critical role of vitamin D in the functioning of the immune system and the clinical implications of vitamin D deficiency file, not web page, 2010
• Antibiotics for Q-Fever result in photosensitivity and huge drop in vitamin D levels – Dec 2013
• Vitamin D might reduce hospital-acquired infections – June 2012
• Cow, mouse, and human immune system and vitamin D – March 2012
• Bacterial infection in cows reduced with vitamin D – Oct 2011
• MRSA inpatient cost 2X higher if less than 20 ng vitamin D – June 2011
• In less than 3 weeks chickens have problems if they do not have vitamin D
• Soft Bones, Hard Arteries, Vitamin D, Vitamin K2 and antibiotics – Sept 2012
• Superbug (Clostridium difficile) 4.7X more of a problem if low vitamin D – Sept 2013
• Antibiotic use cut in half by elderly (over 70) after monthly 60,000 IU of vitamin D – RCT Dec 2013
• Antibiotics and Vitamin D are associated with many of the same diseases
• All items in category Antibiotics/probiotics and Vitamin D 93 items

See web

• CDC study on antibiotic resistant bateria problem - Sept 2013 - attached at the bottom of this page
• Antibiotic resistance in bacteria associated with food animals: a United States perspective of livestock production 2007
• New study adds to concerns about animal-to-human resistance to antibiotics LA Times April 2011
  The study, published in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases, found staph on 47% samples of beef, chicken, pork and turkey.
  96% were resistant to at least one type of antibiotic
• Farm Use of Antibiotics Defies Scrutiny New York Times, Sept 2012
  antibiotic resistant bacteria has increased tenfold on chicken breasts in 2012
  80% of the antibiotics sold in the US goes to chicken, pigs, cows and other animals
  Producers of meat and poultry are not required to report how they use antibiotics
  In 1977 the House and Senate passed resolutions against any such proposed FDA bans on antibiotics in feed
• Resistant Bacteria in Pork — And Problematic Pharmaceuticals Too Wired MagazineNov 2012
  Out of 132 samples testing positive for Yersinia, 121 were resistant to at least one class of antibiotics, and 52 were resistant to two or more.
  Out of 14 samples testing positive for staph, 13 were resistant to at least one class of antibiotics, and nine were resistant to two or more.
  Out of 8 samples testing positive for salmonella, 6 were resistant to at least one class of antibiotics, and three were resistant to at least five drug types.
  Out of 19 samples positive for enterococci, 12 were resistant to at least one class of antibiotics.
• What’s in that pork? -We found antibiotic-resistant bacteria and traces of a veterinary drug Consumer Reports Jan 2013
  Wired Magazine reported on the Consumer Reports Article
• The Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance VegetablePharm Sept 2014
  Natural antibiotics (= low concentration) don’t kill other flora, but “convince.” them to move
  Antibiotics created by big pharma kill, not “convince.”
  Antibiotics administered in large doses signal the creation of biofilms by pathogens and they become nearly impossible to eradicate

See also web - Vitamin K supplements probably needed when having antibiotics

• VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY AND ANTIBIOTICS LiveStrong June 2011
• Antibiotic-induced vitamin K deficiency and the role of the presence of intestinal flora. 1990
• Vitamin K Medline Plus
  Vitamin K deficiency is very rare. It occurs when the body can't properly absorb the vitamin from the intestinal tract.
  Vitamin K deficiency can also occur after long-term treatment with antibiotics.
• Vitamin K Univ. of Maryland
  Antibiotics — Antibiotics, especially those known as cephalosporins, reduce the absorption of vitamin K in the body.
  Using them for more than 10 days may lower levels of vitamin K because these drugs kill not only harmful bacteria but also the bacteria that make vitamin K.
  People who already have low levels of vitamin K, such as those who are malnourished, elderly, or taking warfarin (Coumadin) are at greater risk.
• Causes and Symptoms of Vitamin K Deficiency Yahoo Jan 2011
  The most frequent cause of Vitamin K deficiency is the long term use of antibiotics.
  Since about half of the Vitamin K in the body is produced by bacteria in the small intestines, the use of antibiotics, which kill that bacteria will lead to a drastic decrease in the amount of Vitamin K available for absorption.
  For this reason, individuals taking antibiotics are often given Vitamin K supplements.