Table of contents
- Highlights of Vision in VitaminDWiki
- Ocular Diseases and Vitamin D genes - June 2022
- Vision Meta-analyses
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112 vision articles in VitaminDWiki - See also Vision on the web
- 20+ VitaminDWiki pages with (MACULAR and DEGENERATION) AMD in title
Highlights of Vision in VitaminDWiki
- 12% larger pupils in children who are Vitamin D deficient – Feb 2024 parasympathetic nervous system?
- Myopia, AMD, Dry Eye, and Diabetic Retinopathy are all associated with low Vitamin D - April 2023
- An ocular disease can be associated with low vitamin D and 1 of 5 poor vitamin D genes – June 2022
- Eye vitamin D may not be associated with blood VitD, but is associated with CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 – Nov 2019
- Vitamin D treats and prevents a variety of eye problems (need 70 ng) – June 2018
- Vitamin D and Myopia, AMD, Diabetic Retinopathy, Uveitis, Glaucoma, VDR etc. – May 2015
- Tears often have 25 % higher levels of vitamin D than does blood
Vision problems having many studies on VitaminDWiki
- Uveitis (inflamed eye) and Vitamin D - many studies
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Vitamin D - many studies
- Cataracts and Vitamin D - many studies
- Diabetic Retinopathy associated with low Vitamin D - many studies
- 7+ studies of Glaucoma and Vitamin D
- Dry Eyes treated by Omega-3 and Vitamin D – many studies
- 21+ studies of Myopia and Vitamin D
112 items in Vision category
Ocular Diseases and Vitamin D genes - June 2022
Vitamin D, the Vitamin D Receptor, Calcitriol Analogues and Their Link with Ocular Diseases
Nutrients 2022, 14(11), 2353; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14112353
by Miłosz Caban andUrszula Lewandowska *ORCID PolandTable of Contents
The global prevalence of eye diseases continues to grow, bringing with it a reduction in the activity levels and quality of life of patients, and partial or complete blindness if left untreated. As such, there is considerable interest in identifying more effective therapeutic options and preventive agents. One such agent is vitamin D, known to have a range of anti-cancer, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, and whose deficiency is linked to the pathogenesis of a range of cardiovascular, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. This review presents the current stage of knowledge concerning the link between vitamin D and its receptor and the occurrence of eye disease, as well as the influence of analogues of calcitriol, an active metabolite of vitamin D. Generally, patients affected by various ocular disorders have vitamin D deficiency. In addition, previous findings suggest that vitamin D modulates the course of eye diseases and may serve as a marker, and that its supplementation could mitigate some disorders. However, as these studies have some limitations, we recommend further randomized trials to clarify the link between vitamin D and its activity with eye disease.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Vision Meta-analyses
- Dry eyes associated with low Vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2020
- Vitamin D and Age-Related Macular Degeneration (and 2 AMD meta-analyses) – Oct 2017
- Diabetic Retinopathy twice as likely if a T2 Diabetic has low level of vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2017
- Diabetic Retinopathy 2 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Nov 2016
- Diabetic Retinopathy 27 percent more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2016
- Late stage AMD 2.2 more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis April 2016
112 vision articles in VitaminDWiki - wiki page:
- Thinnest part of retina is thicker if low vitamin D (Myopia etc) – Dec 2024
- Uveitis (inflamed eye) and Vitamin D - many studies
- Eye disorders 1.86 X more likely if low vitamin D – Oct 2024
- Blood in the retina 10.5 X more likely if low vitamin D – Aug 2024
- Very preterm infants with low vitamin D are 4 X more likely to have retinal problems – Aug 2024
- Risk of bleeding in the eye (RVO) is 14 X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis July 2024
- Baggy eyes in seniors (dermatochalasis) is associated with low vitamin D – July 2024
- Risk of Autoimmune Uveitis (an outer eye inflammation) decreases 6% for each 1 ng higher level of vitamin D – Coimbra July 2024
- Retinopathy in males 6.9 X more likely if low vitamin D and low Magnesium - June 2024
- 16% of people getting COVID-19 vaccination had Uveitis (middle eye infection) within 1 year – April 2024
- Viral conjunctivitis much worse if low vitamin D in tears – April 2024
- 12% larger pupils in children who are Vitamin D deficient – Feb 2024
- An eye infection (non-infectious uveitis) 2X more likely if low vitamin D a year before – Meta-analysis Dec 2023
- Glaucoma fought by Vitamin D - several studies
- Worse Myopia in young adults if lower vitamin D - Sept 2021
- Myopia not related to Vitamin D if assume same D generated any time of the day - Sept 2023
- Myopia epidemic and Vitamin D - many studies
- Thin Choroid (eye lining) in children thickened by 300,000 IU of Vitamin D – July 2023
- COVID vaccinations doubled the risk of blood clots in the eye (RVO) – May 2023
- Myopia, AMD, Dry Eye, and Diabetic Retinopathy are all associated with low Vitamin D - April 2023
- Cataracts and Vitamin D - many studies
- Several eye problems can be treated by Vitamin D – April 2023
- Elevated Intraocular Pressure (leads to glaucoma) risk cut in half with lots of vitamin D - Jan 2023
- Resveratrol, which increased Vitamin D in the cell, improves vision – July 2022
- Vitamin D does not help when most are not deficient (cataract surgery in this case) – RCT Sept 2022
- The Myopia Generation (Hint - sunshine and vitamin D) - Sept 2022
- An ocular disease can be associated with low vitamin D and 1 of 5 poor vitamin D genes – June 2022
- Does less sun mean more Myopia - June 2022
- Poor vision associated with poor Vitamin D or poor Vit. D genes – June 2022
- Diabetic Retinopathy associated with low Vitamin D - many studies
- 3 ocular diseases are associated with low vitamin D – review April 2022
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Vitamin D - many studies
- Eyes with open-angle glaucoma contain half as much Vitamin D – Sept 2021
- Moderate to high Myopia 2X more likely if low Vitamin D (China) – June 2021
- Glaucoma 3.1 X more likely if a poor Vitamin D Receptor – Sept 2020
- Dry eyes associated with low Vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2020
- Vitamin D level in eye not associated with level in blood – Jan 2020
- Vitamin D and Myopia, AMD, Diabetic Retinopathy, Uveitis, Glaucoma, VDR etc. – May 2015
- Eye vitamin D may not be associated with blood VitD, but is associated with CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 – Nov 2019
- Macular Degeneration (AMD) antioxidants treated by Vitamin D in the lab – Aug 2019
- Bulged cornea (Keratoconus) 2.9 X more likely if low vitamin D – April 2019
- All people with Cataracts had low vitamin D levels – April 2019
- LLLT reverses Age-related Macular Degeneration for a while - multiple studies
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration - Diet, bionome, Vitamin D, CBD, Avastin, etc
- Less High Myopia if high vitamin D (Korea) – Jan 2019
- Dry eye treatment 20 percent better in those getting vitamin D supplements – Dec 2018
- Vitamin D treats and prevents a variety of eye problems (need 70 ng) – June 2018
- Myopia in adults is 8 percent more likely for every 4 ng less Vitamin D – meta-analysis July 2018
- Vitamin D is the best vitamin to fight glaucoma – May 2018
- The drier the eye, the lower the Vitamin D – May 2017
- Vitamin D and Age-Related Macular Degeneration (and 2 AMD meta-analyses) – Oct 2017
- Dry Eyes treated by Omega-3 and Vitamin D – many studies
- Myopia, dry eye and Vitamin D – PhD 2017
- Dry eye decreased with weekly 50,000 IU vitamin D injection for 8 weeks – Sept 2017
- Retinal venous occlusions (eye stroke) 133 X more likely if low vitamin D – April 2017
- Cataracts associated with low Omega-3, Vitamin D, etc – April 2017
- Eyes with poor blood drainage (RVO) have very low levels of vitamin D – March 2017
- Astigmatism may be related to low Vitamin D
- Many vision problems prevented by Vitamin D – May 2015
- Diabetic Retinopathy twice as likely if a T2 Diabetic has low level of vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2017
- More sun when young, less myopia when old – Jan 2017
- Inflammation of middle eye (Anterior Uveitis) 3 times more likely if low vitamin D – Dec 2016
- Less myopia associated with work outdoors, less education, higher Vitamin D, higher lutein – Dec 2016
- Diabetic Retinopathy 2 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Nov 2016
- Dry eye treated equally well by Omega-3 and krill oil – RCT Nov 2016
- Myopia 2 times more likely if Vitamin D Receptor problem – June 2011
- Tears often have 25 % higher levels of vitamin D than does blood
- Diabetic Retinopathy 27 percent more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2016
- Late stage AMD 2.2 more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis April 2016
- All myopic children had less than 50 ng of vitamin D – March 2016
- Cataracts prevented and perhaps treated by Vitamin D - 2015
- Glaucoma (POAG) risk is 2.1X higher if low vitamin D - Aug 2015
- 2 Genes make AMD 6X more likely if low vitamin D - Aug 2015
- Dry eyes associated with low vitamin D
- Myopia boom (still no mention of vitamin D) – Nature April 2015
- Off Topic: More than 800 mg of Calcium increases risk of Macular Degeneration in seniors by 2.6X – JAMA April 2015
- Cancer deaths of senior women 60 percent more likely if low Vitamin D – March 2015
- Macula in eyes of seniors were 3.7X more likely to be thin if low vitamin D - July 2014
- Male late stage Age-Related Macular Degeneration is strongly associated with low vitamin D – July 2014
- Wet AMD 3X less likely if high level of vitamin D – June 2014
- Pink eye (seasonal allergic conjunctivitis) associated with low vitamin D and high vitamin E – March 2014
- Glaucoma risk increases 69 percent if very low vitamin D - Jan 2014
- Severe Myopia associated with low vitamin D and smoking (which also reduces vitamin D) - Jan 2014
- Eye cancer and UV – Review of controversy – Sept 2013
- Macular Degeneration with subretinal fibrosis strongly associated with low vitamin D – July 2013
- Macular degeneration 4X more likely if low vitamin D and a particular gene – May 2013
- Hypothesis: Dyslexia and low vitamin D - early 2013
- Diabetic Neuropathy sometimes can be reversed by vitamin D
- Off Topic: Cataracts can be dissolved away in 6 months
- UVB has some association with cataracts
- Vision
- Worse diabetic vision is associated with low vitamin D or high PTH - Nov 2012
- Vitamin D might be generated in the eye by UVB – May 2012
- Macular Degeneration decreased with UV and perhaps Vitamin D genetics– Oct 2011
- Diabetics have more retina problems as they have less vitamin D – Sept 2011
- Macular Degeneration increases risk of hemorrhagic stroke by 6X – July 2011
- Sun exposure reduces Myopia – June 2011
- UV and macular degeneration
- Ultraviolet Radiation and the Anterior Eye – June 2011
- Wear glasses when getting vitamin D from the sun – June 2011
- Macular Degeneration Twin Study – Vitamin D reduced, smoking increased (by 13X in later study)
- Vitamin D may help prevent macular degeneration in women younger than 75 – April 2011
- Probable relationship between myopia and vitamin D – Feb 2011
- Myopia may be related to low vitamin D
- Most cataract surgery intraocular lenses block UV
- Several Vision problems may be the result of vitamin D deficiency
- Hypothesis: Low vitamin D linked to Myopia
See also Vision on the web
- Association of vitamin C with the risk of age-related cataract: a meta-analysis March 2015
20% less likely to get cataracts with highest Vitamin C (intake and serum both considered) - Vitamin D Deficiency Is Significantly More Common in People with Noninfectious Uveitis Oct 2016
American Academy of Ophthalmology 2016 Annual Meeting
3X more likely to have Noninfectious Uveitis if vitamin D deficient - Free software to determine your current eye glass prescription Aug 2018
Uses your smartphone and your PC. Nothing about Vitamin D - Is Macular Degeneration Preventable? Mercola Dec 2018 - nothing about Vitamin D
Japan has a 57X increase in AMD in 30 years suspect due to processed foods
30X more AMD in urban vs rural (processed vs no processed foods) Nigeria- AMD Mercola July 2020
- >1,000 X AMD rate after processed foods were consumed (Increase Omega-6, decrease Omega-3)
- AMD Mercola July 2020
- Safron improved AMD vision even for those taking AREDS RCT Jan 2019
improved about 0.7 letters for those with mild to moderate AMD after 3 months
Consumer Labs summary on Vision Supplements - April 2019 (no mention of Vitamin D)
Lutein and zeaxanthin are believed to protect the macula of the eye (in the retina) from damage (see What It Does).
Many people consume relatively small amounts of lutein and zeaxanthin in their diets or have low levels of lutein in their blood; for them, taking a lutein supplement can slow the progression of age- related macular degeneration — although it won't improve the condition (see Getting lutein and zeaxanthin from food).
A dose of 10 mg of lutein appears to be better than a lower dose (6 mg). Higher dose products (e.g., 20 mg to 40 mg) are common, although it is not known if a higher dose is better. Nevertheless, 20 mg has been shown to be safe in a 6-month study.
It's not clear whether the "free" or "ester" form, or a natural or synthetic source, is better and it is not clear if there is added benefit with zeaxanthin.
Lutein and zeaxanthin at a reasonable dose (10 to 20 mg) can be obtained for as little about 15 cents per day (see What CL Found).
Other ingredients, particularly zinc, may be beneficial in slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Vision formulas with these ingredients as well as lutein and zeaxanthin are available, although significantly more expensive than getting lutein/zeaxanthin alone. The formula with the strongest clinical evidence is Bausch + Lomb PreserVision AREDS Lutein (see What CL Found — Vision Formulas). One vision formula failed testing, containing only 9% of its listed lutein. To enhance absorption, it is best to take lutein and zeaxanthin supplements with a fatty meal. However, consumption of certain foods and supplements may decrease absorption of lutein and zeaxanthin (see Concerns and Cautions).
20+ VitaminDWiki pages with (MACULAR and DEGENERATION) AMD in title
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