Omega-3 improves elderly muscles – 2 meta-analyses

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Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength and Muscle Performance among the Elderly: A Meta-Analysis - 2020

Nutrients. 2020 Dec; 12(12): 3739. doi: 10.3390/nu12123739
Ya-Hui Huang,1,2,† Wan-Chun Chiu,3,4,† Yuan-Pin Hsu,1,5 Yen-Li Lo,6 and Yuan-Hung Wang1,7,*

Clinical Trials

The above is a subset of the table in PDF

Muscle Mass

The above is a subset of the table in PDF

There is increasing evidence showing the role of fatty acids and their derived lipid intermediates in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass synthesis and function. However, the role of omega-3 fatty acids remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the potential effects of omega-3 fatty acids on sarcopenia-related performances among the elderly. Eligible literature and reports of randomized controlled trials were comprehensively searched from the PubMed, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases until July 2018. A total of 10 articles were available for the meta-analysis. There were minor benefits for muscle mass gain (0.33 kg; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.62) and timed up and go performance (−0.30 s; 95% CI: −0.43, −0.17). Subgroup analyses regarding muscle mass and walk speed indicated that omega-3 fatty acid supplements at more than 2 g/day may contribute to muscle mass gain (0.67 kg; 95% CI: 0.16, 1.18) and improve walking speed, especially for those receiving more than 6 months of intervention (1.78 m/sec; 95% CI: 1.38, 2.17). Our findings provide some insight into the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on muscle mass, especially for those taking supplements at more than 2 g/day. We also observed that a long period of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation may improve walking speed.
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Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation Alone and Combined with Resistance Exercise on Skeletal Muscle in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - May 2022

Nutrients 2022, 14(11), 2221; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14112221
by Stephen M. Cornish 1,2,3ORCID,Dean M. Cordingley 3,4,Keely A. Shaw 5ORCID,Scott C. Forbes 2,6ORCID,Taylor Leonhardt 5,Ainsley Bristol 5,Darren G. Candow 7 andPhilip D. Chilibeck 5,*
1 Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
2 Centre on Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
3 Faculty of Graduate Studies, Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
4 Pan Am Clinic Foundation, Winnipeg, MB R3M 3E4, Canada
5 College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada
6 Department of Physical Education Studies, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
7 Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada

Lean body mass increased with Omega-3 (no change with resistance exercise)

Strength increased with Omega-3 (no difference if add resistance after removing outliers)

Sarcopenia negatively affects skeletal muscle mass and function in older adults. Omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acid supplementation, with or without resistance exercise training (RET), is suggested to play a role as a therapeutic component to prevent or treat the negative effects of sarcopenia. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on the impact of ω-3 fatty acid supplementation with or without RET on measures of muscle mass and function in older adults (≥55 y). The data sources included SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and Medline. All the study types involving ω-3 fatty acid supplementation on measures of muscle mass and function in older adults (without disease) were included. The mean differences (MDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and pooled effects assessed. Sixteen studies (1660 females, 778 males) met our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. ω-3 fatty acid supplementation did not impact lean tissue mass (SMD 0.09 −0.10, 0.28). Benefits were observed for lower body strength (SMD 0.54 [0.33, 0.75]), timed-up-and-go (MD 0.29 [0.23, 0.35]s), and 30-s sit-to-stand performance (MD 1.93 1.59, 2.26 repetitions) but not walking performance (SMD −0.01 −0.10, 0.07) or upper body strength (SMD 0.05 [−0.04, 0.13]). Supplementing with ω-3 fatty acids may improve the lower-body strength and functionality in older adults
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Study was reviewed by Grassrootshealth - June 2022

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Vitamin D and Omega-3 category starts with

409 Omega-3 items in category Omega-3 helps with: Autism (7 studies), Depression (28 studies), Cardiovascular (34 studies), Cognition (52 studies), Pregnancy (44 studies), Infant (34 studies), Obesity (14 studies), Mortality (7 studies), Breast Cancer (5 studies), Smoking, Sleep, Stroke, Longevity, Trauma (12 studies), Inflammation (18 studies), Multiple Sclerosis (9 studies), VIRUS (12 studies), etc
CIlck here for details

Items in both categories Omega-3 and Seniors:

Items in both categories Omega-3 and Sports (a proxy for muscle):

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