- Are sun exposure time, dietary patterns, and vitamin D intake related to the socioeconomic status of Portuguese children?
- Liquid Vitamin D nanoemulsion seems best for children - no swallowing problems, low cost
- VitaminDWiki -
46 studies in both Infant-Child and Deficiency categories
Are sun exposure time, dietary patterns, and vitamin D intake related to the socioeconomic status of Portuguese children?
Am J Hum Biol. 2024 May 28:e24109. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.24109 PDF behind Paywall
Elizabete A Dos Santos 1, Lígia Araújo Martini Cavalheiro 1, Daniela Rodrigues 2, Aristides Machado-Rodrigues 3, Maria-Raquel Silva 2 4 5, Helena Nogueira 6, Cristina Padez 2Vitamin D intake vs SES: 4.3% (high) 2.2% (Med), 1.5% (low) 3.4% (all)
Objectives: To investigate the association among sun exposure time, vitamin D intake, dietary patterns, and socioeconomic status in Portuguese children.Methods: Participants aged 3-11 years (50.1% females) were recruited from public and private schools (n = 118) in the districts of Coimbra (n = 2980), Lisbon (n = 3066), and Porto (n = 2426). Parents reported their children's daily sun exposure time during the summer season and reported children's food consumption, including vitamin D food sources, using standardized questionnaires. Parents' education level was used as a proxy measure to the socioeconomic status (SES). The principal component factor analysis (PCA) method was used to identify dietary patterns. The eight dietary patterns identified were labeled in: "fast food", "rich in vitamin D", "sugary drinks", "vitamin D", "candies", "supplements", "rich in calcium" and "vegetables/healthy". Linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between sun exposure time and dietary patterns according to SES.
Results: A total of 4755 children were included. Children from high SES had significantly longer sun exposure time (p < .001) and more frequently consumed vitamin D supplements (p < .001). "Fast food" pattern showed a negative association with sun exposure time in medium and high SES (p = .014 and p < .001, respectively).
Conclusion: Children with lower SES spend less time exposed to the sun, consume fewer dietary sources of vitamin D, and consume more foods rich in fat and sugar.
A little less time in the sun if low SES
Liquid Vitamin D nanoemulsion seems best for children - no swallowing problems, low cost
Nutrasal $25 bottle contains 2,000,000 IU of Vitamin D
If take 20,000 IU weekly (1/2 dropper), one bottle would last 100 weeks
The dose size varies with the child's weight
100 IU/kg/day is a typical recommendation
which is 700 IU/kg/week
20,000 IU weekly would be enough for a 28 kg infantThe Nutrasal nanoemulsion:
- Is the lowest cost
- Has a pleasant, somewhat sweet taste,
- Does not need to be taken with a fatty meal
- Can be added to water, juice, etc,
- Can be taken sublingually if there is an upset gut
or an emergency requires a fast increase in Vitamin D level
such as: 4X as much just once if Influenza, COVID, pre-surgery, - Can be used topically for skin problems (warts, abrasions, psoriasis, wounds, etc)
VitaminDWiki -
46 studies in both Infant-Child and Deficiency categories This list is automatically updated
- Only 3.4% of Portuguese children get vitamin D supplements (good dose taken weekly costs only 50 cents) – May 2024
- Nutrient consumption – only 7% of recommended DRV of Vitamin D (German Children in this case) – Jan 2024
- Vitamin D recommended for infants by 98% of Belgian pediatricians - 2024
- Respiratory infection, children and Vitamin D - many studies
- Depressed infants have very low Vitamin D (7.5 ng) – June 2023
- 94 percent of children with Chronic Neurological Diseases had low vitamin D – April 2023
- Vitamin D Deficiency in children in SE Asia – Oct 2022
- 24 Vitamin D global guidelines for children, huge diversity – Sept 2022
- Half of infants had less than 20 ng of Vitamin D with 800 IU (need more) – RCT Sept 2022
- Poor children were 2X more-likely to be vitamin D deficient (Ireland) – July 2022
- Vitamin D levels in new borns are so low that they are considering supplementing to prevent Rickets (Japan) – July 2022
- Newly diagnosed Children with Cancer have low vitamin D, especially if black - May 2022
- Arctic school children in Russia: only 1 in 11 has more than 30 ng of Vitamin D – April 2022
- Majority of South Asian children and youths have low vitamin D (85 pcnt of neonates) – March 2022
- Half of Mongolian schoolchildren have less than 10 ng of vitamin D – Nov 2021
- 93 percent of US children had less than 40 ng of vitamin D a decade ago – Oct 2021
- 73 percent of US infants still do not even get 400 IU of Vitamin D - June 2020
- Recurrent Wheezing in children is associated with low Vitamin D – several studies
- Children with low Vitamin D slept 1 hour less, had 1 hour later bedtimes – July 2020
- Respiratory viral infection (RSV) and low vitamin D - many studies
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Infants reduced 5.9 X by daily 600 IU of vitamin D (China) - March 2020
- Germany raised Vitamin D RDA to 800 IU - helped infants, but not children (who need even more) – June 2019
- Turkey needs to give Vitamin D to children too (infants get D for free) – June 2019
- Preemies still have low vitamin D at age 6 – Oct 2019
- Children in Mongolia helped by 800 IU of Vitamin D (need a lot more) – RCT Oct 2019
- Teeth from 19th century London indicate that most children were Vitamin D Deficient - Oct 2019
- Obesity 3X more likely in US children having low vitamin D – July 2019
- Allergic Rhinitis in infants treated by 1,000 IU vitamin D daily – June 2019
- Vitamin D levels have been crashing since 1995 (Polish Children, Elite Military, etc)
- Child exposed to smoke is 1.5 X more likely to have low vitamin D – Oct 2018
- Children need vitamin D - good global overview, poor recommendations for Italian children - May 2018
- Reasons for children having low vitamin D (proposed by 10 societies) - May 2018
- Both parents smoke – child’s vitamin D level was 30 percent lower and worse asthma – May 2018
- Vitamin D needed to get children to just 20 ng in winter 800 IU white skin, 1100 IU dark (Sweden) – RCT June 2017
- Vitamin D deficiency in pediatric critical illness: Time to move on from observational studies – Nov 2016
- Many US kids have less than 40 ng of Vitamin D – 99 out of 100 blacks, 91 out of 100 whites – Jan 2017
- Children in Intensive Care need Vitamin D loading dose of 10000 IU per kg (nearing a consensus) - Oct 2016
- 3X increase in UK children who are vitamin D deficient in just 5 years – Nov 2015
- 3X more kids were vitamin D deficient when entering UK hospitals than 4 years before – Oct 2014
- 93% of newborns of military in Hawaii had low vitamin D – March 2013
- Giving vitamin D to ALL children reduced (rickets) symptoms by 60 percent – Aug 2012
- 83 percent of children had less than 20 ng of vitamin D – 15 ng avg for hispanic – Aug 2012
- Death of Babies in UK due to vitamin D deficiency – Jan 2012
- Low D in developing countries – less than 5 ng in some children in China – Oct 2010
- Very short children were very low on vitamin D and Calcium – Aug 2010
- Obama task force told that childhood Obesity linked to Vitamin D Deficiency – Aug 2010
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Only 3.4% of Portuguese children get vitamin D supplements (good dose taken weekly costs only 50 cents) – May 2024210 visitors, last modified 31 May, 2024, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)Attached files
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