Vitamin D status of early preterm infants and the effects of vitamin D intake during hospital stay
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2014;99:F166-F168 doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-303999
Nagendra Monangi 1, Jonathan L Slaughter 2,3, Adekunle Dawodu 4, Carrie Smith 5, Henry T Akinbi 1
1Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
2Center for Perinatal Research and Ohio Perinatal Research Network, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
3Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
4Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
5University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Correspondence to: Dr Henry T Akinbi, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA; henry.akinbi at cchmc.org
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate vitamin D (vitD) status in early preterm infants (EPTIs) at birth and during birth hospitalisation on current vitD intake.
Design/methods Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] concentrations, vitD intake and risk factors for low vitD status were assessed in 120 infants born at ≤32 weeks gestation.
Results Mean (SD) serum 25(OH)D at birth was 46.2 (14.0) nmol/L with lower concentrations in infants born <28 weeks than at 28–32 weeks gestation, p=0.02. Serum 25(OH)D was <50 nmol/L in 63% of mothers, 64% of infants at birth and 35% of infants at discharge. Mean daily vitD intake was 289±96 IU at 4 weeks of age and 60% achieved 400 IU/day intake at discharge.
Conclusions Serum 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L was widespread in parturient women and in EPTIs at birth and at discharge. Optimising maternal vitD status during pregnancy and improving postnatal vitD intake may enhance infant vitD status during hospitalisation.
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See also VitaminDWiki
- Pre-term 482 items as of Feb 2014
- Vitamin D Webinar - cost of pre-term birth etc- Baggerly Nov 2013
- WHO still says mistakenly says NO vitamin D during pregnancy, and only 200 IU after
- Pre-term birth 3X more likely and C-section 4X if less than 20 ng of vitamin D – May 2012
- Chance of preterm birth is strongly associated with low vitamin D – Feb 2015
- Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D has the following summary
| IU | Cumulative Benefit | Blood level | Cofactors | Calcium | $*/month |
| 200 | Better bones for mom with 600 mg of Calcium | 6 ng/ml increase | Not needed | No effect | $0.10 |
| 400 | Less Rickets (but not zero with 400 IU) 3X less adolescent Schizophrenia Fewer child seizures | 20-30 ng/ml | Not needed | No effect | $0.20 |
| 2000 | 2X More likely to get pregnant naturally/IVF 2X Fewer dental problems with pregnancy 8X less diabetes 4X fewer C-sections (>37 ng) 4X less preeclampsia (40 ng vs 10 ng) 5X less child asthma 2X fewer language problems age 5 | 42 ng/ml | Desirable | < 750 mg | $1 |
| 4000 | 2X fewer pregnancy complications 2X fewer pre-term births | 49 ng/ml | Should have cofactors | < 750 mg | $3 |
| 6000 | Probable: larger benefits for above items Just enough D for breastfed infant More maternal and infant weight | Should have cofactors | < 750 mg | $4 |